What timing procedure should be used when performing a holding pattern at a VOR?

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(Refer to figure 114.) A pilot receives this ATC clearance: “…CLEARED TO THE ABC VORTAC. HOLD SOUTH ON THE ONE EIGHT ZERO RADIAL…” What is the recommended procedure to enter the holding pattern?

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(Refer to figure 117.) You receive this ATC clearance: “…CLEARED TO THE XYZ NDB. HOLD NORTHEAST ON THE ZERO FOUR ZERO DEGREE BEARING FROM THE NDB. LEFT TURNS…” At station passage you note the indications in figure 117. What is the recommended procedure to enter the holding pattern?

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At what point should the timing begin for the first leg outbound in a nonstandard holding pattern?

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What does the Runway Visual Range (RVR) value, depicted on certain straight in IAP Charts, represent?

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